Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are one of the major causes of rising global warming. CO2, Methane & NOx gases form a major part of greenhouse gases released from fossil fuels such as oil and gas. Due to rising GHG emissions from the operations of companies, it became important among major contributing sectors to report GHG emissions during their operations.
Several retailers, including Walmart, already measure their carbon footprints and climate change programs. Retailers generate a significant portion of their carbon footprint in their stores. Heating, lighting, air conditioning, ventilation, cooking, and refrigeration are the main factors for direct energy consumption, and therefore carbon emissions, of a retail outlet.
H&M Hennes & Mauritz AB (H&M) is a retailer of fashion apparel and accessories. The company’s product portfolio includes shorts, cardigans, sweaters, blazers suits, t-shirts, sweatshirts, shirts, sports and swimwear, and lingerie. It also offers cosmetics and accessories such as jewelry, hats and gloves, belts and suspenders, home textiles, homeware, sunglasses, and watches. The company offers these products under H&M, Afound, COS, Monki, Weekday, Sellpy, etc.
The total GHG emissions (Scope 1 and 2) of H&M in 2021 were 50.8 thousand tonnes of CO2 equivalents, a decrease of 33.5% over 2020.
GHG emissions are generally classified into Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions. Scope 1 includes direct GHG emissions from sources owned or controlled by the company, such as refrigerant leakages, owned trucking, and on-site fuel usage. Scope 2 encompasses indirect emissions resulting from the generation of purchased electricity, heat, or steam consumed by the company. Scope 3 emissions generated from assets not owned or controlled by the company but that indirectly impact the value chain.
In 2021, Scope 2 emissions form the major portion of H&M’s total GHG emissions, accounting for around 37.37 thousand tonnes of CO2 equivalent (74.7% of the total GHG emissions), a decrease of 39.4% from 2020. The company’s Scope 1 emissions (13.59 thousand tonnes of CO2 equivalent) decreased by 6.6% over 2020. Here, total GHG emissions include Scope 1 and 2 only.
Scope 3 emissions of H&M were 7,742 thousand tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2021. The company has set a target to reduce absolute Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions by 56% by 2030 from a 2019 baseline.
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